Selectivity and the Reference System
Introduction A public measure must be selective and satisfy the other criteria of Article 107(1) […]
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The Principles of Legal Certainty and Protection of Legitimate Expectations
Introduction The Commission, like all EU institutions, must respect the principles of legal certainty and […]
How to Determine Selectivity
A measure is selective when it excludes undertakings that are equally capable of contributing to […]
What is the Value of Informal Commission Communications?
An official’s statement can be imputed to his authority if it can be reasonably assumed […]
How to Make Good the Damage Caused by a Natural Disaster
Compensation for costs incurred as a result of a natural disaster is State aid. The […]
Benchmarks of Profitability for Private Investors
A public authority that injects capital in an undertaking [or provides any other kind of […]