The Date on which State Aid is Deemed to be Granted Is not necessarily the Date on which the Actual Benefit Materialises
State aid is deemed to be granted even if the benefit cannot be quantified in […]
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Territoriality and the Tax Treatment of Intra-group Transactions
A special tax rule can constitute the reference or normal system of taxation if it […]
Injection of Capital in a Postal Operator
The resources of a public undertaking necessarily count as “state resources”, regardless of the degree […]
A First Commission Decision on Natural Gas Storage
Compensation that guarantees a normal or fair rate of return eliminates risk that is inherent […]
I. Vouchers for SMEs II. Funding of Aid with Revenue from Levies Imposed on the Aid Beneficiaries
State aid rules apply both to direct and indirect beneficiaries of aid. Introduction This week’s […]
Security of Energy Supply
Guaranteed supply of electricity at fixed prices to a state-owned network operator involves a transfer […]
Compensation for Damage and De Minimis Aid
Compensation for damage caused by protected animals is State aid. Member States may categorise compensatory […]
Private Creditor and the Ability of the Debtor to Repay
There are no rules as to the promptness with which a private creditor must act […]
Market Economy Operator
Comparing prices charged by different airports is not a suitable method for detecting the existence […]
It is Difficult to Challenge a Commission Decision Opening the Formal Investigation Procedure
The assessment of the Commission in an “opening decision” is only provisional. The Commission is […]