No Imputability to the State of Investment by a State Enterprise
Introduction The past three articles have dealt with cases where the Commission or an EU court […]
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Services Inextricably Linked to the Functions of the State
Introduction There are many cases where recipients of public subsidies perform non-economic activities and, therefore, […]
Compensation to the Operator of a Canal Lock that Provides Free Services May Constitute State Aid
Introduction State aid rules are often perceived as straightjacket on Member State policies. Yet, the […]
Arbitration Decision that is Free of State Aid
Introduction Some cases seem to run forever. In 1960, Dimosia Epicheirisi Ilektrismou [DEI], the then […]
Judicial Challenges to Recovery of Incompatible State Aid do not Prove that Recovery is Absolutely Impossible
Introduction Member States can, in theory, escape from the obligation to recover state aid that […]
State Aid to Support an Intermodal Terminal whose Development Had Already Started
Introduction State aid that is granted after the start of works lacks incentive effect and […]
The First State Aid Measure Approved under CISAF: Lots of Presumptions
Introduction This article reviews one of the first Commission decisions authorising state aid under the […]
The Commission Must Examine the Presence and Compatibility of Indirect State Aid
Introduction The Commission, in its 2016 Notice on the Notion of State Aid, made an […]
Regulatory Acts such as the Granting of Betting Rights May Not Constitute State Aid
Introduction Regulatory acts that confer a selective advantage without involving any transfer of state resources […]
State Aid for Decarbonisation of Steel Works
Introduction The decarbonisation of industry receives the second largest amount of environmental aid after reduction […]