Imputability to the State
State resources and imputability or attribution to the state are two distinct concepts. They must […]
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Is there any Advantage for Owners, Operators or Users of Publicly Funded Ports?
Public funding of ports confers an advantage to their owners, but not for operators chosen […]
The Effectiveness of Clear Guidance: The Case of Broadband Networks
This blog examines how much aid goes to support broadband networks and what lessons can […]
A Regional Aid Scheme with an Ex-Post Evaluation Plan
Aid must be capable of remedying the regional handicap. Introduction A novel aspect of […]
Transfer of State Assets between State-Owned Companies
Transfers of public assets for the purpose of extinguishing debt have to be valued according […]
The Art, Science and Law of Funding Services of General Economic Interest
The compulsory nature of an assigned public mission makes the services covered by the mission […]
What Costs Are Charged by Public Authorities when they Act as Market Operators?
Fees charged by operators to users of infrastructure must cover all relevant costs. The relevant […]
Regional Investment Aid and Sale of Land
A company that applies for State aid is considered to acquire a right to that […]
Bank Resolution Has to Comply with State Aid Rules as well as the Banking Recovery and Resolution Directive
Insurance funds contributed by banks become state resources if they are managed by public agencies. […]
Identification of the Reference Tax System: The Case of a Tax on Advertising Turnover
Turnover taxes should be levied at a single rate. Introduction This is the fourth case […]