Aid Measures with Limited Beneficiaries
Introduction During the covid-19 pandemic Member States granted State aid to undertakings they considered important […]
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Member States May Grant State Aid to Single Beneficiaries
Introduction The European Court of Justice confirmed, once more, on 30 May 2024, in case […]
Restructuring State Aid
Introduction State aid to failing undertakings is the most distortionary form of public subsidies. They […]
Compensation for Damage Caused by COVID-19 May be Limited to the Undertakings that Are Most Important to the Economy of a Member Stat
Introduction On 23 November 2023, Ryanair lost another appeal before the Court of Justice. The […]
Compensation for Damage
Introduction On 28 September 2023, the Court of Justice, in case C-320/21 P, Ryanair v […]
State Aid May be Limited to Undertakings with Close Links with the National Economy (Part II)
State aid may be used to compensate airlines licensed by domestic authorities for losses incurred […]
State Aid May be Limited to Undertakings with Close Links with the National Economy (Part I)
State aid may be used to compensate airlines licensed by domestic authorities for losses incurred […]
Market Economy Operator Test
A rational airport operator considers only incremental revenue and costs and ignores any cost not […]
A New but Dubious Concept of Advantage [1]
When the Commission orders recovery of aid that is intended to be passed on to […]