2019 Competition Report

The Annual Competition Report is a useful document, but it should provide more information on […]

Direct v Indirect Advantages: The Case of Sardinian Airports

Public funding that flows through intermediaries to third parties also counts as a state resource […]

Liability assumed by the state for the actions of an undertaking constitutes a selective advantage […]

State aid rules can apply to sectors which are legal monopolies. Introduction The fact that […]

Discretion in the form of intervention can remove it from the control of the state. […]

When the state acts in its capacity as legislator it is not presumed to direct […]

State resources and imputability or attribution to the state are two distinct concepts. They must […]

The Notice provides a thorough review of the case law and the decisional practice of […]

Arrangements established by law whereby undertakings are compensated for any extra payments they make to […]

State aid is granted on the date the relevant public authority makes an irrevocable commitment […]