The Treatment of Advisory and Information Services under State Aid Rules: The Case of the German Milk Levy
Public funding of advisory and information activities may constitute State aid. Public funding of industry […]
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Compensatory Payments Can still Confer an Advantage
Membership of a compulsory insurance scheme can still confer an advantage to participating undertakings. Private […]
a) Natural Disasters and b) Absolute Impossibility to Recover Incompatible State Aid
Aid to remedy the damage caused by natural disasters can be granted only if the […]
When Infrastructure is not Public: Dedicated, Project-Specific and Bespoke
Public funding of open and freely used infrastructure is not State aid. Public funding of […]
How to Apply the Market Economy Investor Principle and what Mistakes to Avoid: The Long-running Case of EDF
A market investor carries out a thorough ex ante analysis of the prospects of an […]
How to Determine the Selectivity of a Tax Measure
A tax exception is normally a selective measure. However, exceptions which are open to all […]
The Boundaries of Non-Economic Infrastructure and the Limits of the Funding Gap Method
Public funding of assets which are used exclusively by certain undertakings constitutes State aid. If […]
Connecting Public and Private Infrastructure
Public funding of public infrastructure is not State aid. Public funding of connections between public […]
Possible Advantage from the Exclusive Use of Public-Funded Infrastructure
The exclusive use of a public asset or an asset funded by public money may […]
Nature Conservation as a Service of General Economic Interest
Public funding of non-economic activities does not create State aid problems when any related economic […]