Developments on the Concepts of Advantage and Selectivity
The advantage conferred by State aid is not necessarily equivalent to the economic benefit that […]
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Pensions, Public Statements and Private Investors
The normal costs of an undertaking include all the costs of compliance with the obligations […]
Turnover Taxes Can be Incompatible with the Internal Market
Progressive taxes levied on turnover can provide State aid that is incompatible with the internal […]
Commission Notice on the Notion of State Aid: Part II – Advantage and Selectivity
This is the second article in a series of three that reviews the Commission’s Notice […]
Compensatory Payments Can still Confer an Advantage
Membership of a compulsory insurance scheme can still confer an advantage to participating undertakings. Private […]
The Market Economy Investor Principle Applies also to Avoidance of Losses
A public authority can act as a private investor in paying to avoid costly contractual […]
A National Measure that Does Not Apply at Regional Level Is Not Necessarily Selective
Where there is a constitutional division of tax competences, different authorities may tax similar activities […]
Tax Hypothecation and Economic Efficiency under Altmark: T-275/11, French Television 1 v Commission
Background France Télévisions is a limited company wholly owned by the French State. As France […]