The Private Investor Principle Applied to Loans [Commission Decision 2013/528]
Introduction The State aid issue in this case is relatively straightforward. Nauta, a Polish shipyard, […]
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How Not to Determine the Effect on Trade [Infrastructure for Tourism, Czech Republic (SA.35909)]
Introduction Normally the articles in this blog identify landmark court rulings and seminal decisions of […]
Private Vendor Principle: How to Organise a State-Aid-Free Sale of Public Assets
Introduction The private investor principle (PIP) or market economy investor principle is well established […]
Tax Hypothecation and Economic Efficiency under Altmark: T-275/11, French Television 1 v Commission
Background France Télévisions is a limited company wholly owned by the French State. As France […]
A Public Authority Can Behave Like a Private Investor even when the Beneficiary Has Little Prospect of Future Profitability
Introduction When a public authority invests in an undertaking, it must earn a return at […]
A Case of Public Funding of Infrastructure that Does not Constitute State Aid: But Many Questions Remain
Introduction After the landmark judgment in Leipzig-Halle, public authorities are justifiably careful to ensure that […]
The Offsetting of a Structural Disadvantage Is still State Aid
Introduction Normally it is conceptually and technically fairly easy to determine whether an undertaking benefits […]
The Emerging Doctrine of Inseparability and Compensation for Public Service Obligations [T-347/09, Germany v Commission]
Introduction In the landmark judgment in Leipzig Halle, the General Court stated that infrastructure which […]
Privatisation of Aeroportos de Portugal: Conflict between the National Economic Adjustment Programme and State Aid Rules?
Background Portugal notified to the Commission the privatisation of the “Aeroportos de Portugal” [ANA] for […]
Altmark and Public Procurement: Definition and Award of Contracts
Introduction Ever since the Court of Justice ruled on Altmark ten years ago there has […]