Why Can the Commission Not be Consistent in its Analysis of Economic Activity and Affectation of Trade?
Introduction If you ask a national official who deals with State aid to identify the […]
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Non-notified State Aid and the Role of National Courts C 284/12, Deutsche Lufthansa v Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn
Introduction What prevents a Member State from granting State aid without first notifying it to […]
The Private Investor Principle Applied to Loans [Commission Decision 2013/528]
Introduction The State aid issue in this case is relatively straightforward. Nauta, a Polish shipyard, […]
How Not to Determine the Effect on Trade [Infrastructure for Tourism, Czech Republic (SA.35909)]
Introduction Normally the articles in this blog identify landmark court rulings and seminal decisions of […]
Private Vendor Principle: How to Organise a State-Aid-Free Sale of Public Assets
Introduction The private investor principle (PIP) or market economy investor principle is well established […]
Tax Hypothecation and Economic Efficiency under Altmark: T-275/11, French Television 1 v Commission
Background France Télévisions is a limited company wholly owned by the French State. As France […]
A Public Authority Can Behave Like a Private Investor even when the Beneficiary Has Little Prospect of Future Profitability
Introduction When a public authority invests in an undertaking, it must earn a return at […]
A Case of Public Funding of Infrastructure that Does not Constitute State Aid: But Many Questions Remain
Introduction After the landmark judgment in Leipzig-Halle, public authorities are justifiably careful to ensure that […]
The Offsetting of a Structural Disadvantage Is still State Aid
Introduction Normally it is conceptually and technically fairly easy to determine whether an undertaking benefits […]
The Emerging Doctrine of Inseparability and Compensation for Public Service Obligations [T-347/09, Germany v Commission]
Introduction In the landmark judgment in Leipzig Halle, the General Court stated that infrastructure which […]